How can a passive bystander best be described?

A passive bystander is best characterized as an individual who witnesses an incident, such as an assault, but does not take any action to intervene or prevent it from occurring. This definition emphasizes inaction in the face of a situation that warrants response, highlighting a lack of engagement or effort to support those who may be in distress.

In contrast, the other descriptions reflect active roles. Someone who intervenes during an assault clearly takes direct action to confront or stop the aggression, which does not align with the passive nature of a bystander. Supporting the victim implies a proactive approach that involves providing assistance or comfort, while encouraging safe behaviors suggests actively promoting positive actions within a community or group, also inconsistent with passivity. Therefore, the essence of being a passive bystander lies in the decision to refrain from any form of intervention or support during critical events.