What can lead to a less effective handling of combat stress reactions?

Using alcohol or drugs to numb pain can lead to less effective handling of combat stress reactions because it may provide only temporary relief while masking underlying issues that need to be addressed. Engaging in substance use can lead to a range of negative consequences, including dependence, deterioration of mental and physical health, and avoidance of necessary coping strategies. This behavior can exacerbate stress reactions rather than alleviate them, making it difficult for individuals to process their experiences and emotions in a healthy manner. Instead of fostering resilience and recovery, substance use can hinder the ability to confront and cope with the stressors generated by combat experiences.